Calder, Ian R

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Photograph

image needed for Ian Calder


Dates

Ian Rainey Calder - 14 May 2009 (UK)

Biography

Professor Ian Calder was Director of the Centre for Land Use and Water Resources Research at Newcastle University, UK, and Coordinator of the IUFRO Task Force on Forest and Water Interactions. Ian Calder was a specialist in forest hydrology, land use and integrated water resources management. He held a BSc in Physics and special maths, and a PhD in Cosmic Ray Physics (Leeds University). For many years he worked at the Insttiute of Hydrology in the UK before taking up the post in Newcastle. He was a member of the Global Forest Expert Panel on Adaptation of Forest to Climate change coordinated by IUFRO.

Hydrological Achievements

Ian Calder made significant contributions to the study and modelling of interception and evapotranspiration by tree canopies, including novel instrumentation such as the use of large sheets for collecting throughfall, a large natural lysimeter at Plynlimon, and gamma rays for measuring interception storage. He was one of the first people to use stochastic models of interception by trees. While at the Institute of Hydrology he carried out major studies at Plynlimon, Wales, and in India, Malawi, and Java. An important modelling paper (Calder et al., 1985) showed that even simple soil moisture deficit models could reproduce observed soil moisture deficit rather well, even under rather extreme conditions. Adding model complexity added little or no predictive power.

Reference Material

Major Publications

      • Books***

Calder, I.R., 1990. Evaporation in the Uplands. Wiley.

Calder, I.R., 1999. The blue revolution: land use and integrated water resources management. Earthscan.

      • Papers***

Calder, I.R., 1976. The measurement of water losses from a forested area using a “natural” lysimeter. Journal of hydrology, 30(4), pp.311-325.

Calder, I.R. and Rosier, P.T.W., 1976. The design of large plastic-sheet net-rainfall gauges. Journal of Hydrology, 30(4), pp.403-405.

Calder, I.R., 1977. A model of transpiration and interception loss from a spruce forest in Plynlimon, central Wales. Journal of Hydrology, 33(3), pp.247-265.

Calder, I.R. and Kidd, C.H.R., 1978. A note on the dynamic calibration of tipping-bucket gauges. Journal of hydrology, 39(3), pp.383-386.

Calder, I.R. and Newson, M.D., 1979. Land‐use and upland water resources in Britain - A strategic look. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 15(6), pp.1628-1639.

Shuttleworth, W.J. and Calder, I.R., 1979. Has the Priestley-Taylor equation any relevance to forest evaporation?. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 18(5), pp.639-646.

Calder, I.R., Harding, R.J. and Rosier, P.T.W., 1983. An objective assessment of soil-moisture deficit models. Journal of Hydrology, 60(1-4), pp.329-355.

Calder, I.R. and Neal, C., 1984. Evaporation from saline lakes: a combination equation approach. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 29(1), pp.89-97.

Calder, I.R., 1986. A stochastic model of rainfall interception. Journal of Hydrology, 89(1), pp.65-71.

Calder, I.R., 1986. Water use of eucalypts—A review with special reference to south India. Agricultural Water Management, 11(3-4), pp.333-342.

Calder, I.R., Wright, I.R. and Murdiyarso, D., 1986. A study of evaporation from tropical rain forest—West Java. Journal of Hydrology, 89(1-2), pp.13-31.

Calder, I.R. and Wright, I.R., 1986. Gamma ray attenuation studies of interception from Sitka spruce: some evidence for an additional transport mechanism. Water Resources Research, 22(3), pp.409-417.

Calder, I.R., 1992. Water use of eucalypts-a review (No. CONF-9102202--). John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, NY (United States).

Calder, I.R., 1992. A model of transpiration and growth of Eucalyptus plantation in water-limited conditions. Journal of Hydrology, 130(1), pp.1-15.

Calder, I.R., Hall, R.L. and Prasanna, K.T., 1993. Hydrological impact of Eucalyptus plantation in India. Journal of Hydrology, 150(2), pp.635-648.

Hall, R.L. and Calder, I.R., 1993. Drop size modification by forest canopies: measurements using a disdrometer. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 98(D10), pp.18465-18470.

Calder, I.R., Hall, R.L., Bastable, H.G., Gunston, H.M., Shela, O., Chirwa, A. and Kafundu, R., 1995. The impact of land use change on water resources in sub-Saharan Africa: a modelling study of Lake Malawi. Journal of Hydrology, 170(1), pp.123-135.

Calder, I.R., 1996. Dependence of rainfall interception on drop size: 1. Development of the two-layer stochastic model. Journal of Hydrology, 185(1), pp.363-378.

Calder, I.R., Hall, R.L., Rosier, P.T., Bastable, H.G. and Prasanna, K.T., 1996. Dependence of rainfall interception on drop size: 2. Experimental determination of the wetting functions and two-layer stochastic model parameters for five tropical tree species. Journal of Hydrology, 185(1), pp.379-388.

Calder, I.R., Rosier, P.T., Prasanna, K.T. and Parameswarappa, S., 1997. Eucalyptus water use greater than rainfall input-possible explanation from southern India. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 1(2), pp.249-256.

Calder, I.R., 1998. Water use by forests, limits and controls. Tree physiology, 18(8-9), pp.625-631.

Calder, I.R., 2001. Canopy processes: implications for transpiration, interception and splash induced erosion, ultimately for forest management and water resources. Plant ecology, 153(1-2), pp.203-214.

Calder, I.R. and Dye, P., 2001. Hydrological impacts of invasive alien plants. Land Use and Water Resources Research, 1(7), pp.1-8.

Calder, I.R., 2002. Forests and hydrological services: reconciling public and science perceptions. Land use and water resources research, 2(2), pp.1-12.

Calder, I.R., Reid, I., Nisbet, T.R. and Green, J.C., 2003. Impact of lowland forests in England on water resources: Application of the Hydrological Land Use Change (HYLUC) model. Water Resources Research, 39(11).

Calder, I.R., 2004. Forests and Water-Closing the gap between public and science perceptions. Water Science and Technology, 49(7), pp.39-53.

Calder, I.R. and Aylward, B., 2006. Forest and floods: Moving to an evidence-based approach to watershed and integrated flood management. Water International, 31(1), pp.87-99.

Calder, I.R., 2007. Forests and water—ensuring forest benefits outweigh water costs. Forest ecology and management, 251(1), pp.110-120.



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